An intelligent man should choose a guru by whom supreme Bliss is attained, and only such a guru and none other. S    De eerste vorm is die van de 'geestelijk raadsman'. [2], The word Guru is mentioned in the earliest layer of Vedic texts. J Sinha (2014), Psycho-Social Analysis of the Indian Mindset, Springer Academic. [96], The guru is revered in Jainism ritually with Guru-vandan or Guru-upashti, where respect and offerings are made to the guru, and the guru sprinkles a small amount of vaskep (a scented powder mixture of sandalwood, saffron, and camphor) on the devotee's head with a mantra or blessings. Humble – They want nothing for their own gain, only the good of the student. [2] The guru, and gurukula – a school run by guru, were an established tradition in India by the 1st millennium BCE, and these helped compose and transmit the various Vedas, the Upanishads, texts of various schools of Hindu philosophy, and post-Vedic Shastras ranging from spiritual knowledge to various arts. [81] However, various Hindu texts caution prudence and diligence in finding the right guru, and avoiding the wrong ones. Guru in Sanskrit refers to a teacher or a guide. John Stratton Hawley (2015), A Storm of Songs: India and the Idea of the Bhakti Movement, Harvard University Press. Richard Kieckhefer and George Bond (1990), Sainthood: Its Manifestations in World Religions, University of California Press. X    [100] Traditionally, the concept of Guru is considered central in Sikhism, and its main scripture is prefixed as a Guru, called Guru Granth Sahib, the words therein called Gurbani.[12]. "[20] The word has its roots in the Sanskrit gri (to invoke, or to praise), and may have a connection to the word gur, meaning 'to raise, lift up, or to make an effort'. Misschien doe een goeroe dat ook inderdaad, maar het heeft niets met de betekenis van het woord te maken, het is volksetymologie. Sri Guru Stotram (Guru Vandanam) - Meaning | Vaidika Vignanam Guru Vandanam or guru stotram are Sanskrit stanzas addressed to teacher or guru. The hymn 4.5.6 of Rigveda, for example, states Joel Mlecko, describes the guru as, "the source and inspirer of the knowledge of the Self, the essence of reality," for one who seeks. [9][10] In Sikhism, the guru tradition has played a key role since its founding in the 15th century, its founder is referred to as Guru Nanak, and its scripture as Guru Granth Sahib. But, O Goddess, difficult to find is a guru who removes the disciples' suffering. The text describes the need, role and characteristics of a teacher,[47] as follows. Georg Feuerstein (2011), The Deeper Dimension of Yoga: Theory and Practice, Shambhala Publications, "Gurus are not prophets who declare the will of God and appeal to propositions found in a Scripture. [13][14], In the Western world, the term is sometimes used in a derogatory way to refer to individuals who have allegedly exploited their followers' naiveté, particularly in certain cults or groups in the fields of hippie, new religious movements, self-help and tantra.[15]. Compassionate – They work tirelessly and selflessly for the benefit of others. She coaches on the island of O'ahu, and by phone or Skype internationally. Rita Gross (1993), Buddhism After Patriarchy, SUNY Press. Therefore, someone wishing to attain the state of Buddhahood should please the guru. Respectful – They will never force their will on anyone or expect someone to renounce his/her free will. - Renew or change your cookie consent. Bijdragen van nieuwe religieuze bewegingen voor de kerk van vandaag (En: A new perspective on the church? [31], In Western Esotericism and the Science of Religion, Pierre Riffard makes a distinction between "occult" and "scientific" etymologies, citing as an example of the former the etymology of 'guru' in which the derivation is presented as gu ("darkness") and ru ('to push away'); the latter he exemplifies by "guru" with the meaning of 'heavy'. Monkfish Book Publishing. [79] In Tantra, states Feuerstein, the guru is the "ferry who leads one across the ocean of existence. [38][52] At the Gurukul, the working student would study the basic traditional vedic sciences and various practical skills-oriented sastras[53] along with the religious texts contained within the Vedas and Upanishads. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. [61][62], Inscriptions from 4th century CE suggest the existence of gurukuls around Hindu temples, called Ghatikas or Mathas, where the Vedas were studied. The Temporal Lord, who created Shiva, the Yogi; who created Brahma, the Master of the Vedas; As a noun the word means the imparter of knowledge (jñāna; also Pali: ñāna). [102], According to the professor in sociology Stephen A. Kent at the University of Alberta and Kranenborg (1974), one of the reasons why in the 1970s young people including hippies turned to gurus was because they found that drugs had opened for them the existence of the transcendental or because they wanted to get high without drugs. Sunil Kothari and Avinash Pasricha (2001), Kuchipudi, Abhinav Publications. [34] The Katha Upanisad, in verse 1.2.8 declares the guru as indispensable to the acquisition of knowledge. They who choose to live in the temples – now a very small minority -chant the. [11][12] The guru concept has thrived in Vajrayāna Buddhism, where the tantric guru is considered a figure to worship and whose instructions should never be violated. V    Georg Feuerstein (1998), Tantra: The Path of Ecstasy, Shambhala Publications. Discerning – They do not use spiritual powers (. Jacob Copeman and Aya Ikegame (2012), The Guru in South Asia: New Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Routledge. [13] The guru is considered essential and to the Buddhist devotee, the guru is the "enlightened teacher and ritual master", states Stephen Berkwitz. D    Recent Posts. [97], In Sikhism, Guru is the source of all knowledge which is Almighty. ), Just because someone is charismatic, knowledgeable in their field, or followed by a throng of devotees, does not make them a guru by the true sense of the word. [30] At a social and religious level, the Guru helps continue the religion and Hindu way of life. George Michell (1988), The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to Its Meaning and Forms, University of Chicago Press. These slokas can be recited any time or on specific occasions like … Guruvashtakam Sanskrit (English Meaning) Sanskrit-English (English Meaning) Sanskrit- Tamil (Tamil Meaning) All Languages MP3 Jivan Muktha Ananda Lahari Stotram Sanskrit-English(English Meaning) Sanskrit-Tamil(Tamil Meaning) All Languages MP3 Guru Paduka Panchakam Sanskrit English Tamil All Languages MP3 Dasasloki Sanskrit-English Meaning English-English Meaning Tamil-English Meaning … Here is a compilation of 10 Sanskrit slokas and quotes from Shree Guru Stotram and other vedic resources to pay tribute to our Gurus. R    Meaning (Hindi) गुशब्दस्त्वन्धकारः स्यात्‌ रुशब्दस्तन्निरोधकः। Hartmut Scharfe (2007), Education in Ancient India: Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic. Stella Kramrisch (1994), Exploring India's Sacred Art (Editor: Barbara Miller), Motilal Banarsidass. Guru is derived from two words namely, “Gu” which means darkness and “Ru” which means light; Gu and Ru combine to form “Guru” which means the one who brings darkness to light. According to Kundalini teacher Guru Rattana, “Ek means ‘One, the essence of all,’ ‘Ong’ is the primal vibration from which all creativity flows, ‘Kar’ is creation, ‘Sat’ truth, ‘Nam’ name, ‘Siri’ great, ‘Wha’ ecstasy, and ‘Guru’ is wisdom. A true guru is, asserts Kula-Arnava, one who lives the simple virtuous life he preaches, is stable and firm in his knowledge, master yogi with the knowledge of Self (soul) and Brahman (ultimate reality). I    [29], The tradition of reverence for guru continues in several denominations within modern Hinduism, but he or she is typically never considered as a prophet, but one who points the way to spirituality, Oneness of being, and meaning in life. Peaceful – They are unflappable because their egos have no personal motive. According to the American sociologist David G. Bromley this was partially due to the repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1965 which permitted Asian gurus entrance to the USA. Should I form a relationship with a yoga guru? 'Piri' means spiritual authority and 'Miri' means temporal authority. The process of acceptance included proffering firewood and sometimes a gift to the guru, signifying that the student wants to live with, work and help the guru in maintaining the gurukul, and as an expression of a desire for education in return over several years. [68][70] The Upanishads assert that one's birth does not determine one's eligibility for spiritual knowledge, only one's effort and sincerity matters. John Cort (2011), Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India, Oxford University Press. The word comes from Sanskrit Gu, darkness, and Ru, light (prakash); literally a preceptor who shows others knowledge (light) and destroys ignorance (darkness). Whoever, hallowed by holy merit, ponders the above octad extolling the Guru, whose mind is centred upon the words of the Guru, whether such a person be an ascetic, sovereign, student or householder, attains the desired goal, the consummation of union with brahman. M    Christopher Partridge (2013), Introduction to World Religions, Augsburg Fortress. [88], In Vajrayana Buddhism's Tantric teachings, the rituals require the guidance of a guru. Guru is a Sanskrit term that connotes someone who is a "teacher, guide or master" of certain knowledge. Her writing has been featured in Huffington Post, Mind Body Green, Yoga Therapy Today and more. Sanskrit term for a "teacher, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field, Capabilities, role and methods for helping a student, तस्यैते कथिता ह्यर्थाः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मनः ॥ २३ ॥, "Guru: a spiritual master; one who is heavy with knowledge of the Absolute and who removes nescience with the light of the divine. guru translation in English-Sanskrit dictionary. That way you obtain the benefit and joy of having the Sanskrit vibrate the chakras and atune them to the highest frequency, while you contemplate the profound truth behind the words. The word guru (Sanskrit: गुरु), a noun, connotes "teacher" in Sanskrit, but in ancient Indian traditions it has contextual meanings with significance beyond what teacher means in English. [33], The Upanishads, that is the later layers of the Vedic text, mention guru. Self-controlled – They can enter the unblinking, un-moving, non-breathing state of. Sentence. [4] In the Tagalog language, Indonesian[5] and Malay the word simply means teacher. Terms of Use - Barrett, D. V. The New Believers - A survey of sects, cults and alternative religions 2001 UK, Cassell & Co. Kranenborg, Reender (Dutch language) Een nieuw licht op de kerk? Rather, they are said to be greater than God because they lead to God. Taken together it means, There is one Creator whose name is Truth. The most ecstatic method for chanting the Guru Gita is to recite the sanskrit out loud, while simultaneously holding the English meaning internally. Because of the power to dispel darkness, the guru is thus named. [95] In some communities of the Śvētāmbara sect of Jainism, a traditional system of guru-disciple lineage exists. lama nampa shyi) in Tibetan Buddhism: In various Buddhist traditions, there are equivalent words for guru, which include Shastri (teacher), Kalyana Mitra (friendly guide, Pali: Kalyāṇa-mittatā), Acarya (master), and Vajra-Acarya (hierophant). The Temporal Lord, who created the whole world; who created gods, demons and yakshas; He is the only one form the beginning to the end; I consider Him only my Guru. Radha Mookerji (2011), Ancient Indian Education: Brahmanical and Buddhist, Motilal Banarsidass. Contributions of new religious movements for today's church), the Hague Boekencentrum (1984). B    [7][8], The tradition of the guru is also found in Jainism, referring to a spiritual preceptor, a role typically served by a Jain ascetic. At an individual level in Hinduism, the Guru is many things, including being a teacher of skills, a counselor, one who helps in the birth of mind and realization of one'… [82] For example, in Kula-Arnava text states the following guidance: Gurus are as numerous as lamps in every house. Jeffery D Long (2009), Jainism: An Introduction, IB Tauris. (Learn What Makes a True Guru. [2] Whatever language it is written in, Judith Simmer-Brown explains that a tantric spiritual text is often codified in an obscure twilight language so that it cannot be understood by anyone without the verbal explanation of a qualified teacher, the guru. Paul Williams (1989), Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations, Routledge. Gurus have shared the essence of the Absolute and experienced the oneness of being, which endows them with divine powers and the ability to master people and things in this world.". ", "[...] the term is a combination of the two words, "The etymological derivation of the word guru is in this verse from, "Guru: remover of darkness, bestower of light'", Dutch original: "a. [30] The ultimate liberation, contentment, freedom in the form of moksha and inner perfection is considered achievable in the Hindu belief by two means: with the help of guru, and with evolution through the process of karma including rebirth in some schools of Hindu philosophy. [68][69] The Vedas and the Upanishads never mention any restrictions based either on gender or on varna. What is the Guru Brahma Mantra as? J    In allerlei populaire literatuur, ook in India zelf, wordt het woord 'guru' uiteengelegd in 'gu' en 'ru', als omschrijvingen voor licht en duister; de goeroe is dan degene die zijn leerling uit het materiële duister overbrengt naar het geestelijk licht. [104] One example of such group was the Hare Krishna movement (ISKCON) founded by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada in 1966, many of whose followers voluntarily accepted the demanding lifestyle of bhakti yoga on a full-time basis, in stark contrast to much of the popular culture of the time. State of Buddhahood should please the guru helps continue the religion and way! Darkness of ignorance, skeptics, and typically a role served by Jain.. 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Dat ook inderdaad, maar het heeft niets met de betekenis van het woord te maken het. Ecstasy, Shambhala Publications taken Together it means, There is one whose! The Indian Mindset, Springer Academic island of O'ahu, and by phone or Skype internationally guru are found the! Stands for the teacher and a desire to impart the knowledge religious philosophers &. Editor: Barbara Miller ), Studies in Jaina History and culture, Routledge term Acharyan or is! They work tirelessly and selflessly for the benefit of others contribute to this summary article referred to guru!