French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Réunion are five French overseas regions (which are also overseas departments) which under French law are, for the most part, treated as integral parts of the Republic. The Netherlands Antillean guilder was supposed to be replaced by the, The full Schengen acquis applies to all Spanish territories, but there are border checks on departure from Ceuta and Melilla to Spain or other Schengen countries, because of specific arrangements for visa exemptions for Moroccan nationals resident in the provinces of. [58] The Commission is a statutory body corporate established by the Financial Services Commission Ordinance, 1989. The Outermost regions (OMR) are territories forming part of a member state of the European Union but situated a significant distance from mainland Europe. Yet the UK’s decision to leave the EU – which 96% of Gibraltarians voted against in last year’s EU membership referendum – has reinvigorated Spain’s centuries-old claim to the territory. Seven outermost regions were recognised at the signing of the Maastricht Treaty in 1992. In November, the European Union and the United Kingdom concluded the terms of an agreement for the orderly departure of the UK from the European Union. When the Republic of Cyprus became part of the European Union on 1 May 2004, the northern third of the island was outside of the effective control of its government due to the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, a United Nations buffer zone of varying width separated the two parts, and a further 3% of the island was taken up by UK sovereign bases (under British sovereignty since the Treaty of Establishment in 1960). Again this can be, according to Article 51(2)(b) limited. The Department of Consumer Affairs will be able to assist you with complaints you may have against local Traders and Companies offering goods or services. Provisions for the post-Brexit status of the bases were set out in a protocol to the Brexit withdrawal agreement. [53] Inhabited villages located in the buffer zone are legally administered by the Republic of Cyprus but policed by UN peacekeepers. [10], Mayotte is the newest of the five overseas departments, having changed from an overseas collectivity with OCT status on 31 March 2011. [82], Heligoland is an archipelago of Germany situated in the North Sea 70 km (43 mi) off the German north-western coast. Nevertheless, Gibraltarians have twice voted by over 99% to reject any move f… Single Market states and their territories. Norway and Switzerland have special areas. [19] Yet, the freedom of establishment is limited by Article 203 TFEU and the respective Council Decision on OCTs. It is not permissible to stop or walk along the road. The outermost regions office for support and information is located in these islands, in the city of Las Palmas on the island of Gran Canaria. The inhabitants of the islands are EU citizens owing to their Dutch citizenship, with the right to vote in elections to the European Parliament. Collectively, the special territories encompass a population of some 6.1 million people and a land area of about 2,733,792 square kilometres (1,055,500 sq mi). [68] If the island is reunified, the Council of the European Union will repeal the suspension by a decision. There are also special rules concerning vessels travelling to Finland via the canal. Prior to Cypriot accession to the EU in 2004, although the United Kingdom was an EU member at the time, EU law did not apply to the sovereign base areas. [10] Swiss VAT generally applies. In those special cases, VAT rules do not apply and they may also be exempt from customs or excise rules.[48][49]. The list was since then revised multiple times, and comprised—as noted by the Lisbon Treaty—25 OCTs in 2007. The UK ECC is part of the ECC-Net, they are a free and impartial service who offer advice and in some cases may be able to contact the trader on your behalf. While it is nominally under the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus, it is effectively administered by the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP). Their current OCT status, and the prospect of advancing their status to become part of the EU as new OMRs (outermost regions), has been scheduled to be reviewed by the Dutch parliament in 2015,[39] as part of the planned review of the Dutch law (WOLBES and FINBES) concerning the quality of their recently implemented new public administration bodies. Danish citizens residing on the islands are not considered citizens of a member state within the meaning of the treaties or, consequently, citizens of the European Union. EU law, including the fundamental four freedoms, applies to Åland. [76], Because Cypriot nationality law extends to Cypriots in the Sovereign Base Areas, Cypriot residents, as citizens of the Republic of Cyprus, are entitled to EU citizenship. The Overseas Countries and Territories Association was created to improve economic development and cooperation between the OCTs and the EU,[17] and includes most OCTs except three territories which do not have a permanent local population. This is because EU countries are obliged to treat goods from these territories the same as goods coming from outside the EU. As a consequence, their EU status was unclear for a time. EU law only applies fully to the part of the island that is effectively controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. The effect of Brexit on Gibraltar is an important issue. [40] In October 2015, the review concluded the present legal structures for governance and integration with European Netherlands was not working well within the framework of WolBES, but no recommendations were made in regards of whether a switch from OCT to OMR status would help improve this situation.[41][42][43][44]. Around 80 percent of this area is represented by Greenland, while the largest region by population, the Canary Islands, accounts for more than a third of the total population of the special territories. [35] None of the islands use the euro as their currency. Saint Barthélemy[30] and Saint Pierre and Miquelon use the euro,[31] while New Caledonia, French Polynesia and Wallis and Futuna use the CFP Franc, a currency which is tied to the euro and guaranteed by France. 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