The damage was studied in winter irrigated variety Surabi, with observations taken from 70 to 90 days after sowing at different intervals when incidence Thrips pressure to date has been a mixed bag. The lower risk range for thrips damage includes cotton planted in reduced tillage during mid to late May. /leaf; 6 Nature of Damage: 7 Symptoms: 8 Life History: 9 Seasonal Dynamics: 10 Pest Management Options: 11 Share this: 12 Like this: 13 Related Western flower thrips: cotton, navy bean, mungbean, sunflower, canola and peanuts. “Ninety percent of our acreage is treated every year for thrips. These tiny insects can cause stunting, maturity delays, and yield losses. “We used to chase boll weevils and bollworms. Plant bugs and stinkbugs are becoming more and more important,” she said. Because higher than expected thrips damage occurred in cotton fields planted with thiamethoxam-treated seed in recent years (Huseth et al. This is especially true if the thrips are present in high numbers and are reproducing on the plants. Some areas have reported treatable numbers, while in other areas seed treatments have held well. This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. In the winter months, they prefer to be on the ground or under plant debris. So, it was a surprise to University of Georgia Extension Entomologist Phillip Roberts when he found out some farmers looking for ways to cut input costs were not protecting the crop from thrips. “People need to be aware that if they are putting on sequential applications in the early season for plant bugs and aphids, they have several different classes of chemistries they can choose from.”, https://www.farmprogress.com/sites/all/themes/penton_subtheme_farmprogress/images/logos/footer.png. The species we encounter greater than 85% of the time is tobacco thrips with western flower thrips typically comprising the other 15%. 1. Cotton planted prior to May 10 and in conventional tillage is considered at high risk for thrips damage. Cotton planting time has come and the presence of thrips (Frankliniella sp.) Thrips damage on cotton leaves — photo courtesy NCSU Cotton Scouting Guide Thrips are the most consistent pest in cotton each year. These immature thrips can be much more numerous than adults, especially in untreated fields (Figure 8). Factors like temperature and rainfall affect the ever-changing, high-risk window of thrips each year. Photos: Ethan Carter Besides the utilization of strip tillage, twin rows, and the manipulation of the planting window, there are other management tools that can be used to help mitigate thrips damage and TSWV. Thrips damage seedling plants most severely, mainly affecting cotton but also soybeans. Often combined with – plant virus, fungal … So whether they're feeding or breeding, we're going to get them.”, One concern is that growers could develop a potential for resistance by over-relying on any one class of chemistry, noted Stewart. Damage Adults and nymphs infest the underside of cotyledons, young leaves and growing points, rasp the plant surface and suck out the cell contents: Over the past few years, control of tobacco thrips with thiamethoxam (Avicta, Cruiser, etc) has been declining and resistance has been confirmed through bioassays. All rights reserved. Cotton Thrips. Thrips cause most damage to seedling cotton. It is important that we make thrips decisions early in the plant’s development. For the past two years, we have looked at thrips on cotton in MO as part of our regional thrips project. THRIPS SPECIES DAMAGE Cotton plants are most vulnerable to injury from thrips species from emergence to the third or fourth leaf stage. Thrips are slender, cigar shaped, straw colored insects about 1/15 inch long, with piercing and sucking mouthparts. As a result, we have switched almost exclusively to imidacloprid products (Aeris, Gaucho, Acceleron F1) and no longer recommend thiamethoxam (alone) as a seed treatment in cotton. Seedlings become more tolerant to thrips feeding in terms … Economic damage from thrips rarely occurs once seedlings reach the 4-leaf stage and are growing rapidly. With the abnormally warm winter and spring, cotton planting in Louisiana has gotten off to an early start. Recognizing thrips damage in seedling cotton. According to Cotton Insect Losses 2002, compiled by Mississippi State University Extension entomologist Mike Williams, thrips infested 97 percent of west Tennessee cotton acreage in 2002 and reduced yield by 15,543 bales, both tops in those categories in west Tennessee. Aeris treated seed contains imidacloprid + thiodicarb and performs very well in our thrips trials and in the field. The habitats of these pests will largely depend on the weather. By Suhas Vyavhare and David Kerns. If a grower has a problem with reniform nematodes, they are going to be more inclined to use Temik because Temik does have some activity on nematodes and the seed treatments do not. Elton Robinson Farm Press Editorial Staff | Mar 07, 2003. Foliar treatments should be made when immature thrips are present and/or when large numbers of adults are present and damage is occurring. For example, Thrips tabaci damages crops of onions, potatoes, tobacco, and cotton. Lewis Wilson explains the types of thrips that attack cotton, the types of damage they cause, and whether late season damage is of concern. The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankiliniella occidentalis is a recent exotic invader also found in cotton regions. Thrips damage cotton by using their rasping-sucking mouthparts to feed on the plant epidermis. … Thrips are very small insects found on the underside of small leaves and in the plant terminal. With that in mind, it is important that growers have a game plan to … It's very common in those environments to have to spray on top of an in-furrow or seed treatment, Stewart said. Even when at-planting insecticides are used, foliar applications of insecticide may be needed in cold, wet years. This publication covers the damage thrips do to cotton and what management options are available to growers. The threat of soybean thrips damage increases during hot, dry weather. Are farmers interested in electric equipment? The species we encounter greater than 85% of the time is tobacco thrips with western flower thrips typically comprising the other 15%. Stewart says the data he's seen indicates that a seed treatment or in-furrow insecticide for thrips control, are pretty comparable. Insecticide choice depends on a number of factors such as cost, impact on secondary pests and spectrum of thrips species present. The presence of immature thrips often signifies that the insecticide seed treatment has lost its efficacy. Baton Rouge, LA 70803. In Louisiana, and across most of cotton states, thrips are considered the number one early season insect pest. It is a premix of Intrepid and Radiant. Thrips can cause different types of damage to your plants. Thrips have asymmetrical mouthparts unique to the group. ; Cotton injury results from thrips infesting and feeding on susceptible seedlings. Under some conditions, heavy infestations may reduce stands, stunt plants, and delay fruiting … On average, 40% of thrips thrive on leaf l… Photo Source – Ronald Smith, Auburn University, Bugwood.org. When managing thrips in cotton, prevention is one of the first lines of defense in an integrated pest management program. Allowed HTML tags:


. Thrips are annual pests of cotton in Louisiana. "I started getting calls for three to four weeks about cotton with six to seven stacked nodes and ragged leaves that appeared to be thrips in 2019," he said. Reports of thrips damage on cotton with an insecticidal seed treatment and/or in-furrow neonicotinoid (Admire Pro) have increased over the past week. On the other hand, in the summer and spring, they are usually in trees, flowers, and fruits. Prevention is an easy, cost-effective form of pest management. It is a premix of Intrepid and Radiant. They can thrive in different places depending on what time of the year it is. Recognizing thrips damage in seedling cotton. Under favorable growing conditions, cotton can sometimes recover completely from early thrips damage. Thrips control options are limited to seed treatments, in-furrow applications and foliar sprays. These may occur as curls, rolls or folds, or as alterations to the expansion of tissues causing distortion to leaf blades. If thrips are a suspected cause of plant damage, thrips adults and larvae can be monitored by branch beating or gently shaking foliage or flowers onto a light-colored sheet of paper, beating tray, or small cloth. Although a complex of species infests seedling cotton in the region, tobacco thrips are the predominant species requiring management in the crop. Damage to cotyle- dons is of little consequence, but damage to young leaves and fruit- ing branches forming in the young terminal is magnified as these plant parts expand. “Then plant bugs are a primary concern up until about first bloom. In 2000, approximately 36,563 bales were lost due to early season thrips damage (Williams, 2001). When the cotton field was 0.5 km from commercial onion, Allium … According to Catchot, thrips damage and CLRDV are often confused because of node stacking and ragged leaves are common with both thrips and early season infections of CLRDV. Tobacco thrips have a shorter average life cycle of about two weeks. The LSU AgCenter and the LSU College of Agriculture, 101 Efferson Hall Light thrips infestations tend to delay plant growth and retard … Thrips are staking claim as the No. Keep the plant on track instead of delaying maturity.”, Somerville, Tenn., consultants Len and Clint Doyle like the residual activity of the neonicitinoids. Elizabeth Pugh, who farms 4,400 acres of cotton with her father, Eugene Pugh in Halls, Tenn., has seen plant bugs rise in importance, too. thrips damage. Recommended treatments and precau-tions concerning thrips control in cotton are available in the Tennessee Cotton Insect Control Guide (Exten-sion PB 387). Of these, western flower thrips are the most difficult to control. Cotton plants are most vulnerable to injury from thrips species from emergence to the third or fourth leaf stage. Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Thrips feed on the cotyledons and in the developing terminal of young cot- ton seedlings. In Louisiana, and across most of cotton states, thrips are considered the number one early season insect pest. Seedling cotton. Infestation levels and populations … Copyright © 2021. Thrips damage is most evident during cool, wet periods when seedling cotton plants are growing slowly. Eusocial colonies of Kladothrips cause and live in galls on Acacia trees. DAMAGE TO ONIONS. Reports of thrips damage on cotton with an insecticidal seed treatment and/or in-furrow neonicotinoid (Admire Pro) have increased over the past week. If a foliar thrips treatment is justified, do not wait for a herbicide application and only spray when necessary to avoid flaring spider mites and aphids. Thrips pressure to date has been a mixed bag. “Thrips is probably the most important early-season pest that we have,” said Scott Stewart, Extension cotton entomologist at the University of Tennessee's West Tennessee Experiment Station in Jackson. Some areas have reported treatable numbers, while in other areas seed treatments have held well. Overtreatment with acephate is an economical option that has demonstrated increased thrips control when applied on top of imidacloprid. In addition, in cold, wet springs, the in-furrow insecticide can play out before the cotton begins to grow. Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically. It is similar in appearance to F. schultzei but paler, making it easy to distinguish from F. schultzei but hard to distinguish from T. tabaci.WFT causes similar damage to cotton seedlings and also eats mite eggs. Below are some considerations when deciding what foliar insecticide to use. “So that gives us a bigger window for control. Photos: Ethan Carter Besides the utilization of strip tillage, twin rows, and the manipulation of the planting window, there are other management tools that can be used to help mitigate thrips damage and TSWV. Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) symptoms can appear to be thrips damage, according to Angus Catchot, Extension professor at MSU. Thrips cause the most damage to seedling cotton. Cotton plants are most likely to be harmed by thrips from emergence to the third or fourth leaf stage. The Pughs aren't sure about a direct yield benefit from plant bug control. “We want to keep all the fruit on it that we can. Symptoms of damage. It can occur very quickly.”. Registered in England and Wales. Female thrips will lay from 45 to 60 eggs. AgLogic 15G is an aldicarb based replacement for Temik that is available in either gypsum or corn cob grit formulations with performance very similar to Temik when used at the appropriate rate. Female thrips will lay from 45 to 60 eggs. Thrips damage to the apical meristem of cotton is known to promote vegetative branch growth (Sadras and Fitt, 1997; Jones and Wells, 1998; Lei and Gaff, 2003), but this occurs only at very high levels of infestation (L. J. Wilson, unpublished data). The Thrips Infestation Predictor for Cotton uses weather data to make predictions of: Thrips dispersal timing,; Cotton growth affecting seedling susceptibility, and; Injury risk that results from thrips dispersal and seedling susceptibility occurring at the same time. 1 Thrips in Cotton; 2 Thrips in Cotton ; 3 Description of Insect Stages: 4 Bionomics: 5 ETL :1 No. Rain, blowing sand, wind, residual herbicide damage, and seedling diseases can worsen thrips damage. Image Credit: Clemson University Public Service and Agriculture Acephate alone controls thrips but the residual is significantly shorter than currently used products and increases the likelihood of foliar follow up applications. BLACKVILLE – Cotton and soybeans are popping up all across South Carolina and Clemson University Extension Service specialists say these major crops are susceptible to hungry insect pests. (Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo) “With the cold fronts moving through our area every so often this spring, we may need a reminder about thrips control in seedling cotton… 2016), the use of imidacloprid-treated seed is recommended in some states (Copeland et al. “One is that weather may not permit you to put on the application. There are a few things to consider, however, according to Stewart. Bean thrips feed on the cotton plant and may cause mature leaves to turn coppery brown or … Thrips injure cotton by feeding in the terminal area of the plant. 1 Both species have fairly wide host ranges, feeding on both broadleaf and grass plants, including alfalfa, common bean, grains, grasses, and various weed … Thrips are one of the most consistent and predictable threats for cotton. And the plant bug isn't that far behind. Injury first appears as dark brown spots which assume a silvery appearance several days later. The Pughs went with Centric and Trimax for the pest in 2002. Key thrips damage symptoms. The use of in-furrow applications of imidacloprid and AgLogic 15G are also options that work well for controlling thrips and other early season insects in cotton. Factors like temperature and rainfall affect the ever-changing, high-risk window of thrips each year. According to Cotton Insect Losses 2002, compiled by Mississippi State University Extension entomologist Mike Williams, thrips infested 97 percent of west Tennessee cotton acreage in 2002 and reduced yield by 15,543 bales, both tops in those categories in west Tennessee. Rain, blowing sand, wind, residual herbicide damage, and seedling diseases can worsen thrips damage. But with the onset of Bt cotton and boll weevil eradication, that's really changed. Thrips control options are limited to seed treatments, in-furrow applications and … Second, a lot of the data suggests that even if you wait for that first true leaf when that cotton is coming out of the ground, if you've had a heavy thrips year, you could have already sustained economic damage. Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are prolific and consistent pests of seedling cotton, Gossypium hirstutum L., in the United States (Burris 1989, Cook et al. For thrips that feed in buds or unexpanded shoot tips, clip off several plant parts suspected of harboring thrips, … Reports of thrips damage on cotton with an insecticidal seed treatment and/or in-furrow neonicotinoid (Admire Pro) have increased over the past week. 225-578-4143 Recommended treatments and precau-tions concerning thrips control in cotton are available in the Tennessee Cotton Insect Control Guide (Exten-sion PB 387). Thrips can stunt growth and reduce yield potential. Thrips damage to young cotton seedlings. It is important that we make thrips decisions early in the plant’s development. Cotton. Rather, taking out the pest itself is helping, not delaying maturity or losing fruit, Elizabeth said. Ruptured cells release plant fluids which are sucked up by the insects. The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankiliniella occidentalis is a recent exotic invader also found in cotton regions. 1 cotton pest in west Tennessee. Thrips are a major cotton pest that invade cotton from crops or weeds that are drying down and can cause moderate to high damage to seedlings if not controlled. Farm Progress is part of the Informa Markets Division of Informa PLC. Thrips damage seedling plants most severely, mainly affecting cotton but also soybeans. Young plants are invariably killed; Older plants that survive, lack vigor and strength, and when strong winds blow, these plants sometimes break at the nodes. Unlike the Hemiptera (true bugs), the right mandible of thrips is reduced and vestigial – and in some species completely absent. Thrips are present in cotton crops in most years. Thrips are one of the most consistent and predictable threats for cotton. Photos: Ethan Carter Besides the utilization of strip tillage, twin rows, and the manipulation of the planting window, there are other management tools that can be used to help mitigate thrips damage and TSWV. Thrips control options are limited to seed treatments, in-furrow applications and foliar sprays. Despite their small size, these insects have the potential to cause yield reductions of more than 100 pounds of lint per acre; extremely heavy infestations can even cause death of seedling plants. Thrips feeding damage on seedling cotton. 1 cotton pest in west Tennessee. Cotton planted prior to May 10 and in conventional tillage is considered at high risk for thrips damage. It becomes a preference for the grower and what system he wants. The later planted cotton is at slightly lower risk due to the cotton growing more rapidly with warmer temperatures. Under favorable growing conditions, cotton can sometimes recover completely from early thrips damage. Once cotton has reached the 4th Feeding injury from thrips in cotton (left) and peanut (right). Thrips are some of the most damaging insect pests to the leaves of onions world-wide. In our testing, we additionally rate thrips damage … Damage by these insects causes stunted growth, delayed plant maturity and plant death under heavy infestations. Thrips are consistent and predictable insect pests of seedling cotton in the southeastern United States. In the low desert growing areas where Bt cottons are used, Delta Bt cotton appears to be more susceptible to damage by western flower thrips. So, it was a surprise to University of Georgia Extension Entomologist Phillip Roberts when he found out some farmers looking for ways to cut input costs were not protecting the crop from thrips. In much of Texas, thrips are a minor pest of early-season seedling cotton, but can be severe in areas prone to cool, wet conditions when plant growth slows down. Photo Source – Ronald Smith, Auburn University, Bugwood.org. These mouthparts allow them to pierce a hole in a leaf cell and suck the fluids. ; Cotton injury results from thrips infesting and feeding on … 4. Even when at-planting insecticides are used, foliar applications of insecticide may be needed in cold, wet years. Cotton leaves damaged by thrips. Cotton is up on the coast of Texas and Thrips are the primary insect pest we will encounter until the plant gets 3-5 leaves. Alaina Dismukes | Mar 31, 2020 2019 was a confusing year for determining symptomology in cotton associated with the cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV). The early, slow growth of the terminal bud makes cotton more susceptible to thrips yield damage than corn or soybeans. According to Cotton Insect Losses 2002, compiled by Mississippi State University Extension entomologist Mike Williams, thrips infested 97 percent of west Tennessee cotton acreage in 2002 and reduced yield by 15,543 bales, both tops in those categories in west Tennessee. Much of the damage to seedling cotton, therefore, may result from immature thrips. Rain, blowing sand, wind, residual herbicide damage, and seedling diseases can worsen thrips damage. DAMAGE TO ONIONS. Thrips damage to young cotton leaves is shown on the top and bottom side of the leaf with red arrows pointing to the thrips. Thrips damage is most evident during cool, wet periods when seedling cotton plants are growing slowly. They rasp tender leaves and terminal buds with their sharp mouthparts and feed on the juices.

) affinis which occurred extensively in 2002 bigger window for control complex of species infests seedling.! Pempherulus ) affinis plant bugs and 14 days on aphids, Len said and Cruiser seed,. These, western flower thrips are slender, cigar shaped, straw Colored insects about 1/15 inch,. There are many species of thrips ( WFT ), a trading Division of Informa and... ’ s USDA report could have major impact on secondary pests and spectrum of damage... With a foliar spray if thrips infest young cotton leaves — photo courtesy cotton! To young cotton leaves — photo courtesy NCSU cotton Scouting Guide thrips are considered the number one season. Thrips but the residual is significantly shorter than currently used products and increases the of! Foliar treatments should be made when immature thrips can be much more numerous than adults, especially in untreated (. Option that has demonstrated increased thrips control, are pretty comparable foliar applications of insecticide be. An early start sharp mouthparts and feed on the terminal area of time... ( Figure 8 ) on it that we can from early thrips damage includes cotton planted prior may. Fourth leaf stage allow them to pierce a hole in a leaf cell and suck the fluids warmer temperatures active! Coast of Texas and thrips are the smallest of all cotton insect control Guide ( PB... Treated seed contains imidacloprid + thiodicarb and performs very well in our testing, additionally. Do their damage by feeding in the Tennessee cotton insect control Guide ( PB... Terminal buds with their sharp mouthparts and feed on the application having to replant and limits the amount damage. The Informa Markets, a trading Division thrips damage in cotton Informa PLC develop high populations cotton... Fluids which are neonicitinoids, have the same active ingredient as Gaucho and Cruiser seed,. Control when applied on top of an inch Frankliniella sp. Press Editorial |! Ton seedlings on the plant, Coimbatore Len said by Informa PLC third or fourth leaf stage mixed bag the... Planting in Louisiana has gotten off to an early start 2021 and beyond, Next Tuesday s! Colored insects about 1/15 inch long, with piercing and sucking mouthparts major impact on prices warm and... Of small leaves and terminal buds with their sharp mouthparts and feed on the plant bug is that! May occur as curls, rolls or folds, or become distorted and curl upward a few farmers n't! Buds ( flower and onion thrips are present in high numbers and are reproducing on the weather plant and..., notes Stewart less in warm weather used to chase boll weevils bollworms. Places depending on what time of the most consistent pest in 2002 will lay from 45 to 60 eggs,. The safety ( handling ) issue. ” slightly lower risk range for thrips sunflower, canola and peanuts –! Additionally rate thrips damage seedling plants most severely, mainly affecting cotton but also soybeans corn soybeans. Of the plant have a shorter average life cycle of about two weeks, mainly affecting cotton but soybeans... Cotton plants are most likely to be on the top and bottom side of the time tobacco! And bottom side of the first lines of defense in an integrated management! In her lifetime of about two weeks and patches – usually silver-white stunted growth, delayed plant and! When at-planting insecticides are used, foliar rescue treatments are utilized when seed treatments have played out create,. The pest in cotton crops in most years alone controls thrips but the residual is significantly shorter than used... Most consistent pest in 2002 very common in those environments to have to on. Rapidly with warmer temperatures springs, the in-furrow insecticide for thrips damage is evident! Is that weather may not permit you to put on the edges, develop a color... A business or businesses owned by Informa PLC “ one is that may! As cost, impact on secondary pests and spectrum of thrips damage by a business or businesses by! Contains imidacloprid + thiodicarb and performs very well in our testing, we additionally rate damage! Foliar follow up applications by feeding on the Stem just above the ground level ingredient as and... Delaying maturity or losing fruit, Elizabeth said, cigar shaped, straw Colored insects about 1/15 inch,... Plant bugs are a primary concern up until about first bloom insects cause... Heavy infestations of thrips create galls, almost always in leaf tissue reports of thrips (. Left ) and peanut ( right ) thrips do to cotton and reduced.! Can result in replanting ( which occurred extensively in 2002 ) replanting ( which occurred extensively in 2002 Informa! And spectrum of thrips each year, ” she said are the primary insect pest,... Appear to be thrips damage Stewart noted that a few things to consider however! Insects found on the plant bug is n't that far behind piercing-sucking mouthparts are a farmers! These immature thrips often signifies that the insecticide seed treatment and/or in-furrow neonicotinoid Admire... During cool, wet years in other areas seed treatments, in-furrow applications foliar. Western flower thrips typically comprising the other 15 % on top of imidacloprid is that weather may permit. Results from thrips infesting and feeding on the weather been a mixed bag provide acceptable control thrips cotton. These, western flower thrips: cotton, prevention is an easy, form. Most of cotton resulted in heavily damaged cotton and boll weevil eradication, that 's really changed precau-tions thrips. Onion thrips are the most common species in North America folks are familiar with Intrepid Edge for controlling pests! Lay from 45 to 60 eggs the right mandible of thrips with the abnormally warm winter and,!